2014年4月20日 星期日

文意選填 篇章結構也太好拿分了吧?轉發自Your English Lab

篇章結構部分 就讓自己專注於題目中空格的前後,有時只看前後句便可以看出答案 有時前後句有重複部分

文意選填部分真的一點都不難,首先看選項 寫出選項單字可能的詞性,更強的人會想到它的片語用法,再回去看題目空格,
考量空格可用的詞性如果空格是形容詞,那就從形容詞的選項中找答案    空格是動詞,那就從動詞的選項中找答案

文意選填也太好拿分了吧?轉發自Your English Lab


很多人看到學測的「文意選填」就直接放棄,畢竟這種字數超多的填充題,讓人一看就軟腳,裡面又一大堆生字,應考的人哪有時間去思考要怎麼解題啊。

其實,重點在於詞性!只要能夠搞懂名詞、動詞、形容詞、副詞、介系詞、連接詞等基本詞性,就能至少拿下一半的分數。

以下為解題步驟:
1. 先看題目下方的單字,去分析他們的詞性,請注意以下的字。
→ -ing結尾的字可以當形容詞(現在分詞當形容詞用,放在be動詞後面)也可以當名詞(動名詞當名詞用)。
→ -ed結尾的字則可以當一般規則動詞的過去式,也可以當形容詞(過去分詞當形容詞用,放在be動詞後面,多為被動式)。
→ -s結尾的字,除了當複數名詞之外,也有可能是第三人稱單數的動詞型態。

2. 接下來就
分析文章裡面的空格,以句子為單位,去看句子裡面少了什麼詞,就填什麼詞進去
兩個最常用到的句子結構是:
主/名詞+動詞+受/名詞
主/名詞+be動詞+形容詞

3. 如果還不確定,我們分得更細一點,以格子前後來判定,以下為參考的方向。
→名詞前面有空格,就填入形容詞(adj, -ing,偶爾會有-ed)或是動詞(這時候名詞是句子裡面的受詞)。
→be動詞後面有空格,就填入形容詞(adj, -ed, -ing等)。
→名詞是主詞時,後面若有空格,就填入動詞(原型v, -s, -ed等)。
→介系詞後面放名詞。
→當然也會有例外,這就要看本身的程度了。

4. 如果有些空格很難選答案,就找對比(快/慢、過去/現在、男/女、貧/富、好/壞或其他二元對立)和資訊(人名/地名/時間等)。不要理會不懂的字。

「文意選填」也不過就這樣子,真的很簡單。作答過程不要想太多,遇到不會的字也不要太緊張,只要努力推理,找出每個句子缺少的詞性就好!

接下來,我們就直接單挑98年學測的「文意選填」吧,我已經把提示部份寫在旁邊了,就跟著練習、推理看看吧。



Familiar fables can be narrated differently or extended in interesting and humorous ways. The end of the famous fable of “The Tortoise and the Hare” is well known to all: the tortoise wins the race against the hare. The moral lesson is that slow and steady wins the race. We all have grown up with this popular version, but the (31,主詞前加形容詞,又可參考相對資訊:同/異) fable 

can be extended with different twists. At the request of the hare, a second race is (32,形容詞,判定為被動式and this time, the hare runs without taking

 a rest and wins. The moral lesson is that (33,and會連結相同詞性,此處選和consistent成組的形容詞) 

and consistent will always beat slow and steady. Then, it is the tortoise that 
(34,that後接動詞) the hare to a third race along a different route in which 

there is a river just before the final destination. This time, the tortoise wins the race because the hare cannot swim. The moral lesson is “First (35,副詞後

面加動詞) your strengths(受詞), and then change the playing field to suit them.”

But the story continues. Both (36,形容詞後面放名詞) know their own 

drawbacks and limitations very well; therefore, they jointly decide to have one last race-not to decide who the winner or loser is, but just for their own pleasure and satisfaction. The two (37,少動詞) as a team. Firstly, the hare 

carries the tortoise on its back to the river. Then, the tortoise carries the hare and swims to the (38,名詞前面放形容詞) bank of the river. Lastly, the hare 

carries the tortoise again on its back. Thus they reach the (39,名詞前面放形容詞) line together. Overall, many moral lessons from the last match are 

highlighted. The most obvious one is the importance of (40,介系詞後面放名詞)
Another moral which also means a great deal is “competition against situations rather than against rivals.”

(A)arranged → 動詞(過去式)、形容詞(過去分詞) 
(B) challenges → 動詞(第三人稱單數)、名詞(複數)
(C) competitors → 名詞(複數)
(D) cooperate → 動詞
(E) fast → 形容詞、動詞(幾乎不可能,因為動詞的意思是「絕食」)
(F) finishing → 形容詞(現在分詞)、名詞(動名詞)
(G) identify → 動詞
(H) opposite → 形容詞
(I) same → 形容詞
(J) teamwork → 名詞


其實很簡單吧,希望參加學測的孩子們都能拿高分,尤其是我最親愛的學生啊啊啊! 

[指考]「篇章結構」讓我崩潰惹!轉發自Your English Lab

這大題看似困難,不過只要抓到訣竅,「篇章結構」甚至會比克漏字填空還要簡單。

「篇章結構」的架構就是一篇少了五個句子的文章,下面附了五個隨機排列的句子,應試者必須把五個句子填入文章之中。基本上類似填空題,只是需要填入的不是單字,而是一個完整句子。為什麼難呢?因為此處要思考的不是語言中的「點」(字),而是「線」(句子),而且必須從「面」(文章)的層次反推回去求解。

以下是我的建議解法:
1. 先看題目下方的五個句子,把關鍵字圈起來,包含:數字/序數/數量(1950s, 21/ second, third/ this, that, those, these, etc)、連接詞和反差副詞(however, while, but)、對比(過去/現在、男/女、貧/富、好/壞或其他二元對立),和資訊(人名/地名/時間等)。不要理會不懂的字。
2. 接下來回到本文,開始閱讀,遇到不會的字就直接掠過,同時圈出上述的關鍵字。
3. 格外留意空格前後的句子,找出下方五個句子所出現過的資訊,縮小選擇範圍再填上答案。
4. 此時,也可以注意到文章中的重複字,並去找下方句子是否有相同的字。
5. 完成後,就不要看了,更不要管不會的單字。等到整份考卷寫完後,再重頭檢查一次。

不要管生字!本大題純粹測試學生的語意邏輯,應試者只需要按照平日思考的邏輯應答就好,切記不要因為看見生字就亂了陣腳。

現在,就來測試自己的實力,一起練習九十七年指考的「篇章結構」吧:

我已經先把關鍵資訊改成綠色粗體字了,請大家就直接先看下方五個句子,再回頭練習題目。

It is impossible to imagine Paris without its cafés. The city has some 12,000 cafés varying in size, grandeur, and significance. The cafés are like an extension of the French living room, a place to start and end the day, to gossip and debate. (41) The oldest café in Paris isLe Procope. It was opened in 1686 by Francesco Procopio dei Coltelli, the man who turned France into a coffee-drinking society. (42) By the end of 18th century, all of Paris was intoxicated with coffee and the city supported some 700 cafés. (43) By the 1840s the number of cafés had grown to 3,000. The men who gathered in these cafés and set the theme of the times included journalists, playwrights and writers. Around the turn of the 20th century, the sidewalk cafés became the meeting halls for artists and literary figures. (44) The artists gathered at the café may not be as great as those of the past, but faces worthwatching are just the same. (45) You’ll seethe old men in navy berets; ultra-thin, bronzed women with hair dyed bright orange; and schoolchildren sharing an afternoon chocolate with their mothers. The café in Paris has always been a place for seeing and being seen.

(A) When did the cafés in France start?
(B) Linger a bit and you will see that the Parisian stereotypes are still alive and well.
(C) Nowadays in Paris cafés still play the role of picture windowsfor observing contemporary life.
(D) These were like all-male clubs, with many functioning as centers of political life and discussion.
(E) Le Procope attracted Paris’s political and literary elite, and thus played an important part among the upper class.

答案:(41) A (42) E (43) D (44) C (45)

其實很簡單吧?這一大題幾乎是送分題,只要細心一點,10分立刻到手,而且不用擔心被倒扣,這實在太美妙了。





翻譯練習
Tips: 1. 找出主詞 動詞等構成句子的要素。
         2. 決定時式或語態(被動主動) 。
         3. 檢查是否合乎英文句子結構。

Practice 1
1. 由於電腦科技的進步線上購物比以往容易的多。
2. 網際網路提供便利與各式各樣的商品。
3. 然而,無可否認的,信用卡盜刷等網路犯罪也越來越普遍。
4. 對網路交易安全的擔憂使得有些人不敢上網購物。
5. 為了自己著想,線上購物還是愈小心愈好。
____________________________________________________________________
Practice 1
1.Thanks to advanced computer technologyshopping online has become easier than ever.
2.The Internet offers convenience and a wide variety of goods.
3.However, it can’t not be denied that cyber-crime, such as credit card fraud, is becoming more and more common.
4.Concerns about the security of Internet transactions prevent some people from spending their money online.
5.For one’s own sake, one cannot be too careful while shopping online.
內容取用自http://aliceinhchs.files.wordpress.com/2012/07/e7bfbbe8adafe88887e4bd9ce69687e7b7b4e7bf92.doc

沒有留言:

張貼留言

卡茲咔次 這裡是指考學測統測訊息加油站
很高興尼的到訪